How do flies from different states vary in developing a resistance to Permethrin?

Student: Joanna Avalos

Stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) have a tendency to feed off of cattle. The way they feed is by biting and that irritates the cattle causing them to stomp around and use their energy. With the cattle losing weight, the farmers are losing potential profit. Farmers are using different insecticide and it appears as though it works once and then the flies develop some sort of resistance. In this experiment, I will be testing flies from a couple different states to see if they have a mutation found in the sodium channel for a resistance to permethrin. Permethrin is found in many insecticides to cause the fly to overwhelm itself and eventually die. Test results will be discussed further on and a comparison from all the states will be shown.